Causes: How does a person get epilepsy?

A person with epilepsy will have recurrent seizures.
Every function in the human body is triggered by messaging systems in our brain. Epilepsy results when this system is disrupted due to faulty electrical activity.

In many cases, the exact cause is not known. Some people have inherited genetic factors that make epilepsy more likely to occur.

Other factors that may increase the risk include:
  • head trauma, for instance, during a car crash
  • brain conditions, including stroke or tumors
  • infectious diseases, for instance, AIDS and viral encephalitis
  • prenatal injury, or brain damage that occurs before birth
  • developmental disorders, for instance, autism or neurofibromatosis
It is most likely to appear in children under 2 years of age, and adults over 65 years.

What a patient with epilepsy experiences during a seizure will depend on which part of the brain is affected, and how widely and quickly it spreads from that area.

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